Recently, your dog at home has been constantly scratching, causing concern for pet parents. There are many reasons for this itching, including allergic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and psychogenic alopecia. To make a clear diagnosis, it is essential to consult an experienced veterinarian.

1. Why Does My Dog Keep Scratching? Is It Atopic Dermatitis?

When allergies caused by food or flea bites, or environmental allergens (like pollen or dust), occur, it often leads to scratching, which is one of the most observable symptoms of skin disease.

Atopic dermatitis occurs in certain dogs that have relevant genetic predispositions and sensitivities. When their skin comes into contact with environmental allergens (such as dust mites, mold spores, or pollen), they experience allergic reactions, leading to itching and discomfort, which causes frequent scratching.

Some autoimmune and immune-mediated skin diseases can also cause varying degrees of itching. Psychogenic alopecia is another common behavior where dogs may scratch excessively, and in severe cases, they may even bite their own fur; however, this behavior is more common in cats.

Therefore, scratching is a common symptom across many skin diseases and does not necessarily indicate atopic dermatitis. A thorough examination and diagnosis by an experienced veterinary clinician are needed.

2. When Should You Take Your Dog to the Vet?

If you notice your dog's coat is losing its shine, excessive hair loss, skin discoloration, or the appearance of rashes, red spots, scales, exudate, scabs, or pustules, or if your dog exhibits localized or generalized itching, excessive licking of certain areas, biting at its fur, or rubbing its skin, it is advisable to take your dog to the veterinary hospital for further examination.

Pet parents should also pay attention to their pet's mood and appetite, and be aware of any environmental or psychological factors that may cause discomfort, leading to psychogenic alopecia.

Dogs with seborrheic dermatitis or fungal and yeast infections usually have accompanying unpleasant body odors, which also require prompt treatment to prevent more severe issues.

3. How to Maintain Your Dog's Skin Health?

Pet parents should not only avoid feeding their dogs allergenic foods but can also consider using air purifiers and regular dehumidification to reduce the proliferation of environmental allergens like dust mites, mold, and fleas. Regular cleaning and disinfection of the home, including the dog's bed and toys, is essential to eliminate bacteria and mold.

For routine health care, it is advisable to use external parasite medications regularly, bathe your dog periodically, and choose shampoos with simple, moisturizing ingredients like oatmeal and ceramides.

4. Can I Use Human Anti-Itch Ointments on My Dog?

If animals are to use human ointments, it is crucial to be aware of the differences in dosage and application. Some human ointments contain compounded ingredients that may not be suitable for animal skin. Additionally, some anti-itch ointments with steroids can lead to endocrine disorders and iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism with long-term use. It is recommended to have any medication evaluated by a veterinarian before use for safety.

5. What Should I Pay Attention to When Choosing Ointments for My Dog?

When applying topical ointments to your dog's wounds, pet parents should wear gloves to avoid transferring bacteria and dirt from their hands to the wound. If necessary, you may also use an Elizabethan collar to prevent your pet from licking the ointment.

It is advisable to choose skin ointments based on recommendations from a professional veterinarian, preferably opting for brands with natural ingredients that are better for your pet.